Former Minister of Education, Obiageli Ezekwesili, has urged African governments to enforce 18 years as the minimum legal age of marriage to protect girls from child marriage and safeguard their access to education.
Ezekwesili, founder of Human Capital Africa, also called on traditional and religious leaders to support efforts to end the practice, warning that early marriage threatens girls’ education and Africa’s human capital development.
In a statement on Sunday to mark the International Day of the Girl Child, she highlighted the scale of child marriage in Nigeria and the urgent need for stronger legal protections.
According to Ezekwesili, 23.6 million Nigerian women and girls were married before the age of 18, the highest number in West and Central Africa.
She cited Jigawa State as an example of the severity of the problem, stating that 78 per cent of women aged between 20 and 49 were first married before turning 18, while 63 per cent of women left school to marry.
Child Marriage Threatens Economic Development
Ezekwesili warned that child marriage carries significant economic and social costs, including lost productivity and increased health risks.
She referenced a report by Columbia University on efforts to end child marriage, which includes analysis by the Center for Global Development estimating that the practice could cost up to $175 billion annually, with cumulative losses approaching $2.5 trillion by 2040.
She also cautioned that reductions in foreign aid, weakening global commitment to women’s rights and rising conflicts could undermine progress in ending child marriage.
However, she noted that progress was possible, citing estimates that 68 million child marriages had been averted over the past 25 years through girls’ education, legal reforms and social protection.
Ezekwesili Outlines Measures to End Child Marriage
The former minister urged governments to enforce 18 as the minimum age of marriage in law and in practice across every state and community, with traditional and religious leaders serving as partners in the effort.
She also called for increased domestic funding to sustain interventions, arguing that African governments and philanthropic organisations must take greater responsibility as foreign aid declines.
Ezekwesili further urged authorities to strengthen accountability by tracking and publishing data on girls’ learning outcomes, transition to secondary school and child marriage rates.
She said the African Union’s Decade of Accelerated Action for the Transformation of Education and Skills Development in Africa, covering 2025 to 2034, provides an opportunity to prioritise girls’ education and school retention.
As a member of the initiative’s steering committee, she pledged to advocate for girls’ learning and retention to become central measures of its success.
Ezekwesili maintained that Africa’s education transformation would remain incomplete without meaningful progress towards ending child marriage.